Wind energy and environmental impact of wind turbine projects

Summary

there is no fuel transferred to wind turbines - and therefore does not pose any danger to the environment - nor does it pollute the air, and it does not generate hazardous waste. But there are other forms of pollution that have been tested during operation such as noise, transportation and manufacturing operations. We may also experience other effects after a few years, after the end of the life of the currently operating turbines and their dismantling. Also how to deal with the materials resulting from the dismantling. The process of producing energy by wind turbines is a clean process, and it is one of the cheapest types of energy sources available. The sun's radiation causes differences in temperature and air pressure which cause the winds to move. The wind is the fuel for wind energy. The availability of wind resources varies over time and place like other natural energy sources. There are "gold mines", with high and stable wind speeds, and areas poor in wind resources where the winds are too weak and/or turbulent to be used cost-effectively. But there are several challenges facing this industry as a source of energy. The wind is always different, when the wind slows down or stops, the power must be produced by other power plants. In addition to the fact that wind turbines are artificial structures constructed in natural ecosystems with balanced biodiversity, where all living things will experience different effects, depending on the location of the addition. Humans may also suffer side effects from these farms. Wind turbine effects have been discussed in many detailed but separate previous papers, from the points of view and research of researchers in various sciences, from zoologists, botanists, biologists and meteorologists to physicists and planners. This paper is a literature study where I link research from different disciplines to get a holistic knowledge about the interrelationship between turbines and their surrounding key species: humans, terrestrial mammals, birds and bats. Proceeding from this paper, taking advantage of my background as an architect and my studies in landscape architecture. I will link this different knowledge and then analyse them to answer the main questions of the paper. I work on figures as part of my methods, not just as a link, but to illustrate and understand key points and ideas for both myself and the readers. I will divide the site surrounding the turbine into three levels during the life stages of the turbine, starting with planning, implementation and operation, ending with stopping and dismantling. 1. The first level is the air space surrounding the turbine blades where birds, raptors and bats interact with the turbine blades 2. The second level is where plants, animals and humans interact with the turbine in general. 3. The third level is a level below the natural ground: the foundations and power cable ducts.